| Methods and technologies |
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A) Electromagnetic design and simulation methods
Numerical-analytical diffraction procedures have been worked out allowing one to simulate: the electromagnetic field structures in open homogeneous and inhomogeneous resonators; the radiation patterns of microstrip antenna arrays as well as the one-dimensional-periodic structures having a chiral and anisotropic magnetodielectric medium. Based on efficient numerical algorithms the following developments have been made:
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1. the overall system of electrodynamic simulation of microwave and EHF facilities and a set of dedicated computer-aided design (CAD) systems for waveguide lowpass filters, bandstop filters, bandpass halfwave resonator filters and those based upon ridged- and double ridged-waveguide sections with below-cutoff couplings including those with extended stop band; diplexers comprising H- and E-plane waveguide tees and single- and double-strip antenna arrangements such as separators of orthogonal polarization signals; septum polarizers, corrugated horns, etc.
The CAD systems are equipped with user's manuals, well-developed interfaces with dialog windows to input specifications to a facility being designed and to visualize the dynamics of the variation in its geometric parameters or the performance characteristics in the course of optimization and analysis |
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| 2. methods of physical simulation of electromagnetic wave scattering in quasioptical dielectric waveguides have been developed: to solve the issues of measuring scattering patterns and polarization signatures of radar targets on scaled-down models; to simulate the operations of promising radar systems in the terahertz frequency range; to examine the flight scattering on microparticles of natural and anthropogenic origin using scaled-up microparticle models. |
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B) Radar methods
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| The following radar methods have been devised in an effort to: |
- perform the remote acoustic diagnosis of gas-filled sediments and source of active gas releases from a sea bottom
This methods are based upon the effects of linear and nonlinear interaction between acoustic waves and gas-containing objects and determining their parameters from the characteristics of backscattered signals at carrier and combination frequencies. Basically the development work is focused upon searching and mapping of gas- releasing sources; studying their geological structures; evaluating the efficiency of sources, specific gas content in a water stratum and sea sediments, kinematic characteristics of gas "flumes", estimating the partial fractions of gases dissolved in water and discharged into the atmosphere. |
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- carry out multifrequency remote sensing of the environment
This research concept has been taken as the key element in designing and developing the multifrequency airborne radar system referred to as "The Mars" complex. It enables the airborne carriers to spot and monitor the oil slicks and oil products on the sea surface, to diagnose the ice conditions and glaciers, to monitor tracts of forest and agricultural land as well as to do prospecting of mineral resources and geological structures. |
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- implement techniques for simulating radar land clutters
In order to simulate the media causing radar clutters natural and man-made landscapes and coverings such as form fields, meadows, deciduous and coniferous forests, cultivate lands, inland storage reservoirs, built-up areas, concrete, asphalt were selected. The processed radar clutter data serve as the basis for compiling radar observability maps.
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- make use of
Noise Radar Technology. This technology has an attractive potentiality for design of radar systems having the best performance needed in military and civilian applications, namely:
Low Probability of Interception (LPI) and Exploiting (LPE);
High resistance against EM interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility, which enables operating simultaneously many radars within the same area. Application of Noise/Random/Chaotic waveforms allows realizing simultaneously optimal coherent reception of noise radar returns, high rate of signal compression and independent control of Doppler and range measurements. Besides, no range ambiguity for both CW and pulse waveforms and no side lobes in Ambiguity Function (just noise floor), which is very beneficial in radar design. |
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C) Biophysical methods
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- Radiophysical methods used for medicobiological purposes and in an agrarian sector
Low-level radiation (power flux density of 0.05 to 5 mcW / cm2) at 100 to 1200 MHz and 8.3 to 12.6 GHz is proposed for treating the Ewing sarcoma
and diabetical polyneuropathies. A system of express-testing of cereals' moisture content during harvesting periods and a procedure for extracting an elite fraction of cattle's ejaculate and its activation by terahertz laser radiation have been developed. |
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- Technique for prognosticating the biological activity of antitumourous medicines
It has been worked out in terms of a new approach to examining spectrophotometric data in biologically active ligand-nucleic acids system. It integrates spectrophotometric measurements (spectrophotometric titration in the visible and UV spectral regions, studying the nucleic acid melting curves in the UV spectral region) and the numerical methods for processing and analyzing experimental spectrophotometric data. This particular approach can be utilized to gather more detailed information on spectral and thermodynamic characteristics of all complexes formed in ligand-nucleic acids systems. The suggested technique can be used for explore molecular mechanisms and calculating the values of physical parameters that specify an efficiency of biologically active substances directly responsible for the actions of specific genes. This method allows selecting out biologically active substances that exhibit high effectiveness at a molecular level. Thus the pharmaceutical activity can be estimated using physical parameters that specify the interaction between these medications and biological molecules. Biological testing of new pharmaceuticals is found to be a rather high-priced and time-consuming procedure. Therefore making prognoses of biological activity of different pharmaceutical preparations at a molecular level results in the reduced time lapse between the synthesis of new medicines and their applications. |
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D) Electromagnetic technology of transformer oil regeneration
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- A novel technology of regenerating transformer oil in the short-wave electromagnetic field has been developed.
These know-how methods are based upon the filtering effect and moisture absorption by sorbents with their subsequent regeneration in the electromagnetic field.
The merits offered by this technology as compared to the existing ones should be attributed to the reduction of power consumption by a factor of 1.5 to 2, a 2-3 fold
decrease in regeneration cycles by a factor of 2 to 3 and improvement of environmental security. |
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